US Aurora Visibility Threshold Reference
Version 2026-08-09. Model-derived Kp planning thresholds for 304 tracked US cities.
Important: this reference is not a record of aurora observations, sightings, forecasts, probabilities, or model-accuracy results. It is a planning aid derived from stored city magnetic latitude and shared threshold-band logic.
Downloads
Methodology and limitations
For each city, the shared calculateKpBands() model maps stored magnetic latitude to three discrete Kp planning thresholds: horizon, noticeable, and bright. Higher values indicate stronger geomagnetic activity needed under this model.
Actual visibility depends on conditions this reference does not measure: current geomagnetic activity, cloud cover, darkness, moonlight, local light pollution, viewing direction, and observer location. See methodology for site-level forecast context.
Columns
latitude_degrees,longitude_degrees: stored city coordinates.magnetic_latitude_degrees: stored city magnetic latitude used by threshold model.kp_horizon_threshold: model threshold for possible horizon visibility.kp_noticeable_threshold: model threshold for a more noticeable display.kp_bright_threshold: model threshold for a bright display.
Sources
License, citation, and contact
Use is subject to the site terms; this reference is not released under an open-data license.
Cite as: “Aurora Forecast USA by AuroraMe, US Aurora Visibility Threshold Reference, version 2026-08-09, https://aurora-forecast-usa.com/data/us-aurora-visibility.” State that values are model-derived planning thresholds, not observations or accuracy proof.
Questions or corrections: support@auroraforecast.me.
Reference rows
| City | State | MLAT | Horizon Kp | Noticeable Kp | Bright Kp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adak | Alaska | 48.8° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Akhiok | Alaska | 57.1° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Akiachak | Alaska | 59.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Akiak | Alaska | 59.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Akutan | Alaska | 52.6° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Alakanuk | Alaska | 61.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Alatna | Alaska | 66.4° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Aleknagik | Alaska | 58.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Allakaket | Alaska | 66.4° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Ambler | Alaska | 66.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Anaktuvuk Pass | Alaska | 68.0° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Anchorage | Alaska | 61.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Anderson | Alaska | 64.9° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Angoon | Alaska | 60.8° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Aniak | Alaska | 60.7° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Anvik | Alaska | 61.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Atka | Alaska | 49.5° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Atqasuk | Alaska | 69.2° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Barrow | Alaska | 70.0° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Beaver | Alaska | 67.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Bethel | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Bettles | Alaska | 66.9° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Brevig Mission | Alaska | 63.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Buckland | Alaska | 64.6° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Chalkyitsik | Alaska | 67.9° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Chefornak | Alaska | 58.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Chevak | Alaska | 59.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Chicken | Alaska | 65.9° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Chignik | Alaska | 55.9° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Chignik Lagoon | Alaska | 55.8° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Chignik Lake | Alaska | 55.8° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Chistochina | Alaska | 64.0° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Chitina | Alaska | 63.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Chuathbaluk | Alaska | 60.7° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Circle | Alaska | 67.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Clark's Point | Alaska | 58.3° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Coffman Cove | Alaska | 59.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Cold Bay | Alaska | 54.1° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Cordova | Alaska | 61.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Craig | Alaska | 59.1° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Crooked Creek | Alaska | 61.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Deering | Alaska | 64.4° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Delta Junction | Alaska | 65.2° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Dillingham | Alaska | 58.5° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Diomede | Alaska | 63.2° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Dot Lake | Alaska | 65.1° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Eagle | Alaska | 66.6° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Eek | Alaska | 59.0° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Egegik | Alaska | 57.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ekwok | Alaska | 58.9° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Elim | Alaska | 63.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Emmonak | Alaska | 61.1° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Eyak | Alaska | 61.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Fairbanks | Alaska | 65.6° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| False Pass | Alaska | 53.7° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Fort Yukon | Alaska | 67.6° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Gakona | Alaska | 63.7° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Galena | Alaska | 64.1° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Gambell | Alaska | 60.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Girdwood | Alaska | 61.8° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Goodnews Bay | Alaska | 58.0° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Grayling | Alaska | 61.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Gustavus | Alaska | 61.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Haines | Alaska | 62.4° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Halibut Cove | Alaska | 60.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Healy | Alaska | 64.5° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Holy Cross | Alaska | 61.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Homer | Alaska | 60.1° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Hoonah | Alaska | 61.3° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Hooper Bay | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Hughes | Alaska | 65.7° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Huslia | Alaska | 65.0° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Hydaburg | Alaska | 58.9° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Igiugig | Alaska | 59.1° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Iliamna | Alaska | 59.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Juneau | Alaska | 61.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Kake | Alaska | 60.4° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Kaktovik | Alaska | 71.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Kalskag | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Kaltag | Alaska | 63.4° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Karluk | Alaska | 57.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kasaan | Alaska | 59.3° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kasigluk | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kenai | Alaska | 61.1° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Ketchikan | Alaska | 59.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kiana | Alaska | 65.6° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| King Cove | Alaska | 54.0° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| King Salmon | Alaska | 58.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kipnuk | Alaska | 58.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kivalina | Alaska | 65.7° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Klawock | Alaska | 59.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kobuk | Alaska | 66.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Kodiak | Alaska | 58.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kokhanok | Alaska | 59.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Koliganek | Alaska | 59.3° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kotlik | Alaska | 61.4° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Kotzebue | Alaska | 65.2° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Koyuk | Alaska | 63.6° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Koyukuk | Alaska | 64.1° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Kwethluk | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kwigillingok | Alaska | 58.5° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Lake Minchumina | Alaska | 64.0° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Larsen Bay | Alaska | 57.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Levelock | Alaska | 58.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Lime Village | Alaska | 61.1° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Livengood | Alaska | 66.1° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Lower Kalskag | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Manley Hot Springs | Alaska | 65.3° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Manokotak | Alaska | 58.3° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Marshall | Alaska | 60.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| McGrath | Alaska | 62.6° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Mekoryuk | Alaska | 58.5° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Metlakatla | Alaska | 59.0° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Minto | Alaska | 65.6° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Mountain Village | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Naknek | Alaska | 58.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Napakiak | Alaska | 59.5° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Napaskiak | Alaska | 59.5° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Nelson Lagoon | Alaska | 55.1° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Nenana | Alaska | 65.2° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| New Stuyahok | Alaska | 59.0° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Newhalen | Alaska | 59.7° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Nightmute | Alaska | 58.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Nikolai | Alaska | 62.9° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Nikolski | Alaska | 51.0° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Ninilchik | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Noatak | Alaska | 65.7° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Nome | Alaska | 62.5° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Nondalton | Alaska | 60.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Noorvik | Alaska | 65.4° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| North Pole | Alaska | 65.6° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Northway | Alaska | 64.8° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Nuiqsut | Alaska | 70.0° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Nulato | Alaska | 63.9° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Nunam Iqua | Alaska | 60.8° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Nunapitchuk | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Old Harbor | Alaska | 57.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ouzinkie | Alaska | 58.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Palmer | Alaska | 62.4° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Pelican | Alaska | 61.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Petersburg | Alaska | 60.4° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Pilot Point | Alaska | 57.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Pilot Station | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Pitkas Point | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Platinum | Alaska | 57.9° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Point Hope | Alaska | 65.9° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Point Lay | Alaska | 67.7° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Port Alexander | Alaska | 59.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Port Heiden | Alaska | 56.4° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Port Lions | Alaska | 58.3° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Portage Creek | Alaska | 67.3° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Quinhagak | Alaska | 58.6° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Rampart | Alaska | 65.9° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Red Devil | Alaska | 61.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Ruby | Alaska | 64.3° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Russian Mission | Alaska | 60.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Saint George | Alaska | 54.4° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Saint Mary's | Alaska | 60.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Saint Michael | Alaska | 62.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Saint Paul | Alaska | 53.6° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Sand Point | Alaska | 54.6° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Savoonga | Alaska | 61.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Saxman | Alaska | 59.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Scammon Bay | Alaska | 60.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Selawik | Alaska | 65.3° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Seldovia | Alaska | 59.9° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Seward | Alaska | 60.9° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Shageluk | Alaska | 61.7° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Shaktoolik | Alaska | 63.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Sheldon Point | Alaska | 60.8° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Shishmaref | Alaska | 64.1° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Shungnak | Alaska | 66.0° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Sitka | Alaska | 60.3° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Skagway | Alaska | 62.6° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Slana | Alaska | 64.3° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Sleetmute | Alaska | 61.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Soldotna | Alaska | 61.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| South Naknek | Alaska | 58.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Stebbins | Alaska | 62.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Stevens Village | Alaska | 66.5° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Stony River | Alaska | 61.4° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Takotna | Alaska | 62.6° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Talkeetna | Alaska | 62.9° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Tanacross | Alaska | 65.0° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Tanana | Alaska | 65.2° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Tatitlek | Alaska | 62.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Teller | Alaska | 63.1° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Tenakee Springs | Alaska | 61.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Tetlin | Alaska | 64.9° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Thorne Bay | Alaska | 59.4° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Togiak | Alaska | 58.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Tok | Alaska | 65.0° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Toksook Bay | Alaska | 58.8° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Tuluksak | Alaska | 60.0° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Tuntutuliak | Alaska | 59.0° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Tununak | Alaska | 58.9° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Twin Hills | Alaska | 58.2° | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Two Rivers | Alaska | 65.8° | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Tyonek | Alaska | 61.6° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Unalakleet | Alaska | 62.7° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Unalaska | Alaska | 52.2° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Upper Kalskag | Alaska | 60.5° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Valdez | Alaska | 62.4° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Venetie | Alaska | 67.8° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Wainwright | Alaska | 69.0° | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Wales | Alaska | 63.2° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Wasilla | Alaska | 62.3° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| White Mountain | Alaska | 63.0° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Whittier | Alaska | 61.7° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Willow | Alaska | 62.4° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Wrangell | Alaska | 60.2° | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Yakutat | Alaska | 62.0° | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Flagstaff | Arizona | 42.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Mesa | Arizona | 40.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Phoenix | Arizona | 40.4° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Tucson | Arizona | 39.1° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Fayetteville | Arkansas | 44.7° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Little Rock | Arkansas | 43.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Fresno | California | 45.0° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Long Beach | California | 41.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Los Angeles | California | 42.1° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Oakland | California | 46.4° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Redding | California | 46.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Sacramento | California | 44.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| San Diego | California | 40.6° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| San Francisco | California | 43.4° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| San Jose | California | 45.9° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Boulder | Colorado | 47.7° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Colorado Springs | Colorado | 46.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Denver | Colorado | 47.4° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Fort Collins | Colorado | 48.3° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Jacksonville | Florida | 31.9° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Miami | Florida | 27.0° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Atlanta | Georgia | 35.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Boise | Idaho | 50.0° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Coeur d'Alene | Idaho | 53.9° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Idaho Falls | Idaho | 50.3° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Chicago | Illinois | 50.9° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Indianapolis | Indiana | 42.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Cedar Rapids | Iowa | 50.7° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Des Moines | Iowa | 50.2° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Topeka | Kansas | 47.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Wichita | Kansas | 46.1° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Baton Rouge | Louisiana | 39.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| New Orleans | Louisiana | 38.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Bangor | Maine | 54.1° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Boston | Massachusetts | 51.7° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Detroit | Michigan | 51.5° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Duluth | Minnesota | 55.5° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Minneapolis | Minnesota | 53.6° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Kansas City | Missouri | 47.7° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| St. Louis | Missouri | 47.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Billings | Montana | 53.0° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Bozeman | Montana | 52.6° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Great Falls | Montana | 54.4° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Helena | Montana | 53.4° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Missoula | Montana | 53.5° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Lincoln | Nebraska | 49.2° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Omaha | Nebraska | 49.7° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Las Vegas | Nevada | 42.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Reno | Nevada | 45.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Concord | New Hampshire | 52.6° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Albuquerque | New Mexico | 42.6° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Santa Fe | New Mexico | 43.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Albany | New York | 52.0° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Buffalo | New York | 52.2° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| New York | New York | 50.1° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Charlotte | North Carolina | 44.5° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Raleigh | North Carolina | 45.1° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Bismarck | North Dakota | 54.8° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Fargo | North Dakota | 55.2° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Cleveland | Ohio | 43.0° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Columbus | Ohio | 41.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Oklahoma City | Oklahoma | 43.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Tulsa | Oklahoma | 44.6° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Bend | Oregon | 49.8° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Eugene | Oregon | 49.5° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Medford | Oregon | 47.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Portland | Oregon | 51.0° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 40.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Memphis | Tennessee | 38.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Nashville | Tennessee | 38.7° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Arlington | Texas | 37.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Austin | Texas | 38.6° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Dallas | Texas | 41.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| El Paso | Texas | 37.9° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Fort Worth | Texas | 37.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Houston | Texas | 38.3° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| San Antonio | Texas | 34.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Park City | Utah | 47.6° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Salt Lake City | Utah | 47.7° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Burlington | Vermont | 53.8° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Richmond | Virginia | 46.9° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Virginia Beach | Virginia | 46.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Bellingham | Washington | 54.2° | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Seattle | Washington | 53.1° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Spokane | Washington | 53.8° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Yakima | Washington | 52.4° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Green Bay | Wisconsin | 53.5° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Madison | Wisconsin | 52.0° | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 45.8° | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Casper | Wyoming | 50.4° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Cheyenne | Wyoming | 48.8° | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Jackson | Wyoming | 41.2° | 9 | 9 | 9 |